暴食的认知根源

心里天蓝

饮食失调不仅仅是关于食物的。That much has been clear for decades, but researchers are still working to untangle the complex psychological, cultural and physiological roots of afflictions such as binge-eating disorder (BED) and bulimia. 那么多的明确了几十年,但研究人员还在努力解开这个复杂的心理、文化、生理根源等苦难贪食症(床)和贪食症的原因。Now a growing body of work is finding that disordered eating is connected to attention deficits and poor self-awareness.现在越来越多的工作是发现饮食紊乱与注意力不集中和贫穷的自我意识。

In one recent study, psychologists at Geneva University in Switzerland tested the cognitive abilities of three groups—obese individuals with BED, obese individuals without BED and a normal-weight control group. 在一个最近的研究中,心理学家在瑞士日内瓦大学测试三groups-obese认知能力的个体,床,没有床和一个肥胖个体正常对照组。They found that obese participants had difficulties with inhibition and focusing their attention. 他们发现,与抑制肥胖参与者有困难和集中他们的注意力。These cognitive deficits were most severe in the BED group, which points to a “continuum of increasing inhibition and cognitive problems with increasingly disordered eating,” the authors wrote in the journal Appetite last August.这些认知障碍的最严重的是在床上集团,这说明“持续的增加和认知问题日益抑制饮食紊乱,”作者的杂志中写道:食欲去年八月份开始的。

A different study in the August issue of the Western Journal of Nursing Re search found that low executive func tion—the cognitive capacity for self-understanding and self-regulation—is correlated with both不同的研究在8月份的护理反应西文期刊的搜索发现,  tion-the低执行func认知能力与自我和self-regulation-is两者obesity肥胖and symptoms of ADHD. ADHD的症状。And several other studies have linked distraction with overeating. 和其他几个这项研究将分散和暴食。The study found that focusing on one’s meal was linked to eating less later in the day—although for someone with ADHD, such focus can prove challenging.研究发现,专注于某一顿与少吃晚些时候对那些day-although ADHD注意力缺陷过动症,这类聚焦可以证明有挑战性。
Taken together, these results suggest that treatment for binge eating may need to include strengthening mental functions such as attention and self-awareness.综合而言,结果显示暴食症的治疗可能需要包括加强心理功能,如注意力和强烈的自我意识。

Exploring the influence of ethnic identity on self-understanding could also help prevent eating disorders, suggests a study last September in the Journal of Black Studies. 探讨族群认同的影响也能帮助防止在自我饮食失调,表明在去年9月的一项研究杂志》的研究。黑色Using surveys, the study found that African-American women with higher levels of ethnic identity were less likely to develop binge eating and bulimia, whereas for Caucasian women, higher levels of ethnic identity posed a greater risk of disordered eating. 运用调查访问,该研究发现,非洲裔美国黑人妇女更高层次的族群认同与较少和贪食发展暴食,但是对于白人妇女,高水平的种族身份构成了更大的风险饮食紊乱的可能性。Study author Mary Shuttlesworth, a doctoral candidate in psychology at the Univer sity of Maryland, explains that Cauca sian ideals tend to emphasize thinness and focus strictly on appearance, whereas African-American beauty ideals often include “other aspects of the self aside from physical appear ance; acceptance of different body shapes and sizes; and allowing beauty to encompass personality, style or attitude.研究作者玛丽Shuttlesworth、心理学博士候选人的聚Univer 马里兰,解释说Cauca西安 理想倾向于强调细焦点在外表上,严格,而非裔美国人的美丽理想通常包括“其他方面的自我除了身体出现 ;接受人体不同的形状和大小,让美丽的内涵个性鲜明,风格或态度。” She suggests that preven tion programs could focus on building in all people, regardless of race, the elements characteristic of African-American ethnic identity.“她认为抑 提出重点建设项目可能在所有的人,无论他们的种族、族群认同的特征元素非洲裔美国人